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- Sorafenib Tosylate
Sorafenib Tosylate
Sorafenib is a novel bi-aryl urea compound that inhibits cell proliferation by targeting the ERK pathway and angiogenesis by targeting the receptor tyrosine kinases VEGFR-2 and PDGFR-ß and their associated signaling cascades. Although sorafenib was initially developed as a Raf kinase inhibitor (IC50 = 6 nM), it has since been shown to have activity against many receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis including FGFR-1, wt BRAF and V599E mutant BRAF, as well as members of the so-called "split kinase" family: VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-ß, c-KIT, and Flt3. However, sorafenib is not active against erbB1, erbB2, ERK-1, MEK-1, EGFR, HER-2, IGFR-1, c-MET, c-yes, PKB, PKA, cdk1/cyclinB, PKC, and pim-1. In cellular mechanistic assays, sorafenib decreased basal phosphorylation of the ERK pathway in melanoma, breast, colon, and pancreatic tumor cell lines.
| Molecular Formula: | C21H16ClF3N4O3•C7H8O3S |
| Molecular Weight: | 637.03 g/mol |
| CAS Number: | 475207-59-1 |
| Appearance: | Off white powder |
| Solubility: | soluble in DMSO at 200 mg/mL; very poorly soluble in ethanol |
| Storage: | -20ºC |
| Purity: | ≥99% |
Synonyms:
Hazardous Ingredient: Sorafenib Tosylate
Molecular Weight: 637.03
Molecular Formula: C21H16ClF3N4O3•C7H8O3S
May be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption
Exposure may result in hypertension, rash/skin reaction, diarrhea, fatigue, hair loss, and nausea/vomiting
After skin contact: flush with copious amounts of water; remove contaminated clothing and shoes; call a physician
After eye contact: check for and remove contact lenses; flush with copious amounts of water; assure adequate flushing by separating the eyelids with fingers; call a physician
After swallowing: if swallowed, wash out mouth with copious amounts of water; call a physician
Protective equipment: wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing to prevent contact with skin and eyes.
Unusual fire hazard: may emit toxic fumes under fire conditions such as carbon monoxide, etc.
Measures for cleaning/collecting: absorb solutions with finely-powdered liquid-binding material (diatomite, universal binders); decontaminate surfaces and equipment by scrubbing with alcohol; dispose of contaminated material according to Section 13
Breathing equipment: NIOSH/MSHA-approved respirator
Protection of hands: chemical-resistant rubber gloves
Eye protection: chemical safety goggles
Color: off-white
Odor: none
Melting point/Melting range: 231-238 ºC
Danger of explosion: none
Solubility in / Miscibility with water: very poorly soluble in water; maximum solubility in plain water is estimated to be about 10-20 µM; buffers, serum, or other additives may increase or decrease the aqueous solubility
Solvent content: none
Organic solvents: soluble in DMSO at 200 mg/mL; very poorly soluble in ethanol
Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided: protect from light and heat
Dangerous products of decomposition: thermal decomposition may produce toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides
Acute toxicity: none known
Primary irritant effect:
On the skin: none known; may be an irritant
On the eye: not known; may be an irritant
Proper shipping name: none
Non-Hazardous for transport: this substance is considered to be non-hazardous for transport
IATA class:
Proper shipping name: none
Non-Hazardous for transport: this substance is considered to be non-hazardous for transport
EU Risk And Safety phrases:
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice
S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection.
M. Danielle Bareford, Margaret A. Park, Adly Yacoub, Hossein A. Hamed, Yong Tang, Nichola Cruickshanks, Patrick Eulitt, Nisan Hubbard, Gary Tye, Matthew E. Burow, Paul B. Fisher, Richard G. Moran, Kenneth P. Nephew, Steven Grant, and Paul Dent.:Sorafenib Enhances Pemetrexed Cytotoxicity through an Autophagy-Dependent Mechanism in Cancer Cells.Cancer Res., Jul 2011; 71: 4955 - 4967.
Eulitt PJ, Park MA, Hossein H, Cruikshanks N, Yang C, Dmitriev IP, Yacoub A, Curiel DT, Fisher PB, Dent P.Enhancing mda-7/IL-24 therapy in renal carcinoma cells by inhibiting multiple protective signaling pathways using sorafenib and by Ad.5/3 gene delivery.Cancer Biol Ther. 2011 Jan 12;10(12):1290-305. Epub 2010 Dec 15.
M Danielle Bareford,1 Hossein A Hamed,1 Yong Tang,1 Nichola Cruickshanks,1 Matthew E Burow,7 Paul B Fisher,4,5 Richard G Moran,2 Kenneth P Nephew,6 Steven Grant,3,5 and Paul Dent.Sorafenib enhances pemetrexed cytotoxicity through an autophagy- dependent mechanism in cancer cellsPublished online 2011 October 1. doi: 10.4161/auto.7.10.17029